No social event, social issue or social institution can stay in the same situation. The society, which has to achieve harmony in changing life circumstances, has to capture the dynamism of transformation with its structure and all its units. The concepts defined as Modernization / Civilization and meeting a process are also included in social change and come across as the main trend of change. The element that necessarily creates a difference in societies that are experiencing a change is the results obtained from the way this change is perceived and applied. If social change really means development, progress, then there is no problem. ?However, if this change causes corruption, identity crisis, alienation in society; therefore, serious problems will arise if it causes a solution. Considering the extent of cultural alienation caused by a deterioration and collapse in the social structure or caused by external factors, the importance of historical processes draws attention. In this study, the roots of the phenomenon of alienation in the West and the definitions and dimensions of alienation in the contemporary sense are discussed; the dimension of cultural alienation is discussed in all its details. The process of modernization which develops due to “cultural imperialism, intellectual alienation, identity crisis, popular culture, mass culture, media culture, kitsch (art in alienation), cultural pollution and corruption such titles as” are evaluated on the basis of the subject as a whole. The reflections of all these areas of discussion on Turkish Modernization, language and literature are also discussed.

Modernization, alienation, cultural alienation, reflections in language and literatüre, Turkish Modernization.